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Design and operational considerations for selective catalytic reduction technologies at coal-fired boilers

Jeremy J. SCHREIFELS, Shuxiao WANG, Jiming HAO

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 98-105 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0171-4

Abstract: has introduced new NO emission control policies to encourage the installation of selective catalytic reduction

Keywords： nitrogen oxides (NO<sub><italic>xitalic>sub>)     coal     selective catalytic reduction (SCR)     air pollution    

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The effect of preparation conditions of Pt/Al

Lei YUAN, Xiang ZHENG, Kaijiao DUAN, Hao HU, Jinggang WANG, Seong Ihl WOO, Zhiming LIU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 457-463 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0512-5

Abstract: Selective catalytic reduction of NO by H in the presence of oxygen has been investigated over Pt/Al

Keywords： NO<sub><italic>xitalic>sub> reduction     Pt/Al<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>     preparation condition     H<sub>2sub>-SCR    

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Effect of K and Ca on catalytic activity of Mn-CeO

Boxiong SHEN, Lidan DENG, Jianhong CHEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 512-517 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0519-y

Abstract: Mn-CeO /Ti-pillared clay (PILC) is an attractive catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO atcatalysts, the techniques of NH -temperature programmed desorption (TPD), H -temperature programmed reductionactivities of Mn-CeO /Ti-PILC, (Ca)Mn-CeO /Ti-PILC and (K)Mn-CeO /Ti-PILC for NH -selective catalytic reduction

Keywords： Mn-CeO<sub><italic>xitalic>sub>/Ti-pillared clay (PILC)     low-temperature selective catalytic reduction    

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The abatement of major pollutants in air and water by environmental catalysis

Junhua LI, Hong HE, Chun HU, Jincai ZHAO

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 302-325 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0511-6

Abstract: For air pollution control, the selective catalytic reduction of NO (SCR) by ammonia and hydrocarbons

Keywords： air pollution control     wastewater treatment     DeNO<sub><italic>xitalic>sub>     selective catalytic reduction    

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Assessment of toxicity of two nitroaromatic compounds in the freshwater fish

Hongyan SHEN, Jixi GAO, Jinsheng WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 518-523 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0427-6

Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the toxicological response of -nitrotoluene and -nitroaniline to the key fish species, . A freshwater fish bioassay based on the 96 h was used to estimate the single and joint toxicity of the two chemicals. The toxicity of -nitrotoluene was greater than that of -nitroaniline based on 96 h values of 40.74 mg·L and 48.99 mg·L , respectively. Both compounds had moderate toxicity toward , and this toxicity increased with the exposure duration and concentration. Binary mixtures of the compounds were more toxic than the individual compounds at 96 h, and they acted upon partial addition. When the exposure time was longer, the toxicity increased for mixtures of compounds with the same concentration or toxicity. The results of this study suggest that exposure to a combination of these chemicals would result in a higher environmental risk in aquatic systems than exposure to either compound alone. Further research is needed to investigate the combined effects and sublethal toxicity of -nitrotoluene and -nitroaniline, since they are both still used in China.

Keywords： joint toxicity     <italic>Cyprinus carpioitalic>     <italic>LCitalic><sub>50sub>     <italic>pitalic>-nitrotoluene     <italic>pitalic>-nitroaniline     toxic unit    

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Synthesis of

Lili ZHANG, Ming LIU, Shijun MA, Yaodong HUANG, Yongmei WANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 408-414 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1343-4

Abstract: ethylene diamine with 3,5-ditert-butyl salicylaldehyde and salicylaldehyde, respectively, followed by reduction

Keywords： enantioselective Henry reaction     <italic>Citalic><sub>1sub>-symmetric diamines     asymmetric reaction    

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PCDD/Fs emission, risk characterization, and reduction in China’s secondary copper production industry

Haiqian LI, Yonglong LU, Li LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 589-597 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0495-2

Abstract: From 2004 to 2009, industrial policies played an indirect role in PCDD/Fs reduction, but its effectsand direct control technology retrofitting should be integrated for more effective PCDD/Fs emission reduction

Keywords： polychlorinated dibenzo-<italic>pitalic>-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs)     secondary copper production    

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Effects of different sediment fractions on sorption of galaxolide

Lixia JIN, Mengchang HE, Jinghuan ZHANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 59-65 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0259-1

Abstract: Sorption isotherms of galaxolide (HHCB) of different fractions from two sediments with different mineral and organic carbon contents were determined to compare HHCB sorption behavior and contribution to the total sorption. The HHCB sorption isotherms that used the batch equilibration method were studied on different sediments of different fractions. The sorption isotherms of 600°C heating fractions were detailed using the linear model, while the other fractions were nonlinear and fitted well with the Freundlich model. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removed, NaOH extracted, and 375°C heating fractions showed more nonlinear sorption than the original sediments, which suggested more heterogeneous sorption sites in these fractions. Compared to the original sediments, the 375°C heating fractions had higher carbon-normalized distribution coefficient ( ) values, indicating a higher sorption affinity for HHCB. Among the different sediment fractions, the contribution of the 600°C heating fractions to the overall sorption were the lowest (<20%), while the 375°C heating fractions were the highest (up to 85%).

Keywords： galaxolide (HHCB)     sorption     organic carbon     sediment     carbon-normalized distribution coefficient (<italic>Kitalic><sub>ocsub>)    

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H<sub>∞sub> control in the frequency domain for a semi-active floor isolation system

Yundong SHI, Tracy C BECKER, Masahiro KURATA, Masayoshi NAKASHIMA

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 264-275 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0214-x

Abstract: A floor isolation system installed in a single floor or room in a fixed base structure is designed to protect equipment. With this configuration, the input motions to the floor isolation from the ground motions are filtered by the structure, leaving the majority of the frequency content of the input motion lower than the predominant frequency of the structure. The floor isolation system should minimize the acceleration to protect equipment; however, displacement must also be limited to save floor space, especially with long period motion. Semi-active control with an control was adopted for the floor isolation system and a new input shaping filter was developed to account for the input motion characteristics and enhance the effectiveness of the control. A series of shake table tests for a semi-active floor isolation system using rolling pendulum isolators and a magnetic-rheological damper were performed to validate the control. Passive control using an oil damper was also tested for comparison. The test results show that the control effectively reduced acceleration for short period motions with frequencies close to the predominant frequency of the structure, as well as effectively reduced displacement for long period motions with frequencies close to the natural frequency of the floor isolation system. The control algorithm proved to be more advantageous than passive control because of its capacity to adjust control strategies according to the different motion frequency characteristics.

Keywords： semi-active     floor isolation     <italic>Hitalic><sub>∞sub> control     MR damper     shaping filter     shaking table    

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ZnFe<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub> deposited on BiOCl with exposed (001) and (010) facets for photocatalyticreduction of CO<sub>2sub> in cyclohexanol

Guixian Song, Xionggang Wu, Feng Xin, Xiaohong Yin

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 197-204 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1606-y

Abstract: The samples were then used as catalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol underThe photocatalytic CO reduction activities over the hydrothermally prepared ZnFe O -BiOCl compositesthe (001) facets with ultraviolet light produces photo-generated electrons which is helpful for the reductionThe mechanism for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol over ZnFe O -BiOCl composites with

Keywords： reduction of CO<sub>2sub>     cyclohexanol     ZnFe<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub> deposited BiOCl     facet     composite    

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Effect of different acid anions on highly efficient Ce-based catalysts for selective catalytic reductionof NO with NH<sub>3sub>

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 10,   Pages 1399-1411 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2345-5

Abstract: Three kinds of Ce-based catalysts (CePO<sub>4sub>, CeVO<sub>4sub>, Ce<sub>2sub>(SO<sub>4sub>)<sub>3sub>) were synthesized and used for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH<sub>3> Ce<sub>2sub>(SO<sub>4sub>)<sub>3sub>, which is in agreement with their abilities of NH<sub>3reduction and field emission scanning electron microscopy tests.>2sub> for Ce<sub>2sub>(SO<sub>4sub>)<sub>3sub>.

Keywords： CePO<sub>4sub>     CeVO<sub>4sub>     Ce<sub>2sub>(SO<sub>4sub>)<sub>3sub>     selective catalytic reduction    

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Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 116-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2178-7

Abstract: On the other hand, the translation of these developments in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxidesup> led to only a 4% drop in current density, with similarly small penalties realised when stacking sub-cells

Keywords： CO<sub>2sub> reduction     electrochemical cell     electrosynthesis     upscaling    

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Factors controlling

Chengkun WANG, Xiaojian ZHANG, Chao CHEN, Jun WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 151-157 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0482-7

Abstract: The formation of cancinogenic nitrosamines, esp. -nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in water and wastewater treatment plants has drawn much attention in recent years. Dissolved organic matter from the transported Luan River water as water source of Tianjin was fractionated with different XAD resins and a series of ultra-filtration membranes with molecular weight (MW) cut-offs of 5k Da, 3k Da, and 1k Da, respectively. The NDMA yields from the raw water and each fraction were measured to investigate their role in NDMA yield. Results indicated that the hydrophilic fraction had a higher NDMA yield than those of hydrophobic fraction and transphilic fraction. The fraction with MW below 1k Da had a higher NDMA yield than that with larger MW. NDMA formation increased as the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) ratio decreased, which indicated that DON might serve as the real important precursor for NDMA. The correlation between NDMA yield and specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA ) suggested that the latter might not represent the specific precursors for NDMA in the water. Besides the water quality, the influences of pH, disinfectant dosage, and disinfection contact time on the formation of NDMA were also examined. These results will help water treatment plants establish measures to control this harmful disinfection by-product.

Keywords： <italic>Nitalic>-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)     disinfection by-product     dissolved organic nitrogen (DOC)     hydrophilic     molecular weight (MW)     specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA<sub>254sub>)    

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Experimental investigations on combustion characteristics of syngas composed of CH

Qingwei FAN, Shien HUI, Qulan ZHOU, Qinxin ZHAO, Tongmo XU

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 404-410 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0513-x

Abstract: The residual gas and remained raw gas in dual gas resources polygeneration system are quite complex in components (mainly CH , CO, and H ), and these results to the distinguished differences in combustion reaction. Experimental investigations on basic combustion characteristics of syngas referred above are conducted on a laboratory-scale combustor with flame temperature and flue gas composition measured and analyzed. Primary air coefficient (PA), total air coefficient (TA), and components of the syngas (CS) are selected as key factors, and it is found that PA dominates mostly the ignition of syngas and NO formation, while TA affects the flue gas temperature after high temperature region and NO formation trend to be positive as H /CO components increase. The results provide references for industrial utilization.

Keywords： dual gas resources polygeneration     lean premixed combustion     residual gas     remained raw gas     NO<sub><italic>xitalic>sub> emission    

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Numerical simulation and experimental verification of chemical reactions for SCR DeNO

Qiang ZHANG, Yonglin FAN, Wenyan LI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 523-528 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0520-y

Abstract: Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a major commercial technology for NO removal in power plants.

Keywords： SCR     NO<sub><italic>xitalic>sub>     removal efficiency     chemical reactions     simulation    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Design and operational considerations for selective catalytic reduction technologies at coal-fired boilers

Jeremy J. SCHREIFELS, Shuxiao WANG, Jiming HAO

Journal Article

The effect of preparation conditions of Pt/Al

Lei YUAN, Xiang ZHENG, Kaijiao DUAN, Hao HU, Jinggang WANG, Seong Ihl WOO, Zhiming LIU

Journal Article

Effect of K and Ca on catalytic activity of Mn-CeO

Boxiong SHEN, Lidan DENG, Jianhong CHEN

Journal Article

The abatement of major pollutants in air and water by environmental catalysis

Junhua LI, Hong HE, Chun HU, Jincai ZHAO

Journal Article

Assessment of toxicity of two nitroaromatic compounds in the freshwater fish

Hongyan SHEN, Jixi GAO, Jinsheng WANG

Journal Article

Synthesis of

Lili ZHANG, Ming LIU, Shijun MA, Yaodong HUANG, Yongmei WANG

Journal Article

PCDD/Fs emission, risk characterization, and reduction in China’s secondary copper production industry

Haiqian LI, Yonglong LU, Li LI

Journal Article

Effects of different sediment fractions on sorption of galaxolide

Lixia JIN, Mengchang HE, Jinghuan ZHANG

Journal Article

H<sub>∞sub> control in the frequency domain for a semi-active floor isolation system

Yundong SHI, Tracy C BECKER, Masahiro KURATA, Masayoshi NAKASHIMA

Journal Article

ZnFe<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub> deposited on BiOCl with exposed (001) and (010) facets for photocatalyticreduction of CO<sub>2sub> in cyclohexanol

Guixian Song, Xionggang Wu, Feng Xin, Xiaohong Yin

Journal Article

Effect of different acid anions on highly efficient Ce-based catalysts for selective catalytic reductionof NO with NH<sub>3sub>

Journal Article

Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

Journal Article

Factors controlling

Chengkun WANG, Xiaojian ZHANG, Chao CHEN, Jun WANG

Journal Article

Experimental investigations on combustion characteristics of syngas composed of CH

Qingwei FAN, Shien HUI, Qulan ZHOU, Qinxin ZHAO, Tongmo XU

Journal Article

Numerical simulation and experimental verification of chemical reactions for SCR DeNO

Qiang ZHANG, Yonglin FAN, Wenyan LI

Journal Article